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Anxiety Treatments Medication If you suffer with anxiety or panic attacks it is essential to seek help from a professional. Treatment options include lifestyle changes like reduction of stress and regular exercise. Your doctor may recommend psychological therapy. The FDA has approved several medications for anxiety disorders, including SSRIs and SNRIs, which impact the neurotransmitter serotonin. Anticonvulsants, like pregabalin, can also reduce anxiety by affecting the GABA receptor. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines are drugs that act on the nervous system to create a calming effect. They work by increasing effects of a brain neurotransmitter known as gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA blocks the activity of nerves within the brain and spinal cord and helps reduce anxiety. In contrast to antidepressants that can take weeks to start working, benzodiazepines have the ability to relieve anxiety symptoms in a matter of minutes. However, benzodiazepines have a high risk of dependency and abuse. The body develops a tolerance to benzodiazepines once they are used regularly. This can cause physical dependence. Despite the risk, benzodiazepines can be a successful treatment for anxiety, even when other options aren't readily available or do not offer relief. It is crucial to talk with your physician prior to taking benzodiazepines. They can help you identify the root of your anxiety and discuss alternative options that could be more suitable. For instance the use of talking therapies like cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy can help to address the root cause of anxiety and teach you coping skills. Benzodiazepines do not usually come first in the treatment of anxiety disorders because they can have dangerous effects when combined with other drugs or alcohol. They can also be highly addictive and carry a significant risk of overdose. The first benzodiazepines were introduced in the 1950s, with chlordiazepoxide (Librium, Limbitrol) followed by diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). All of these medications have a black box warning that warns that they could cause serious or life-threatening side effects, such as breathing problems, severe sleepiness, coma, and death if used in conjunction together with opioids or other illegal drugs. SSRIs SSRIs are a group of antidepressant medicines that are usually the first choice for people who suffer from anxiety. These drugs increase the levels of certain chemical messengers, such as serotonin (and norepinephrine) in the brain. They also help regulate other important chemicals, such as those that regulate mood and sleep, and reduce the levels of stress hormones in your body. The most frequently prescribed SSRI for anxiety is fluoxetine, better known by its brand name Prozac. Other SSRIs include Lexapro Zoloft and Paxil. These SNRIs include Effexor XR Cymbalta and Pristiq. Although experts aren't quite sure what SSRIs do to treat anxiety, they do know that these drugs enhance the way your brain works. They increase the glial cell's function (these are the brain cells that help, nourish, insulate and protect your neurons) and increase BDNF levels (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and boost levels of serotonin itself. The precise mechanism of action isn't understood fully however it could involve a combination of factors. As with other medications, SSRIs can take 1 month to kick in and require frequent treatment to maintain the benefits. They can trigger side effects, such as nausea and diarrhea. Some men may experience a decrease in libido or sodium levels. Your doctor will determine the length of time you should take them based on your symptoms as well as any other treatments you're using. They might recommend you keep taking them for a period of 6 to 12 months or work with you to reduce or end the medication. They may also suggest other treatments, including psychotherapy, herbs and supplements that can treat anxiety-related symptoms, such as Vistaril for itching or the chamomile herb to help sleep. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers (also known as beta-adrenergic blockers) prevent adrenaline from binding to your heart's receptors. This allows your heart to relax and decreases your blood pressure. They are prescribed for anxiety and may be an alternative to traditional psychiatric drugs that have side effects. Beta-blockers can reduce physical symptoms of anxiety, but they do not solve the mental reasons for stress. Typically, they are employed to deal with certain situations that trigger anxiety such as speaking in public and flying. They can be used in conjunction with therapy to treat anxiety disorders or as a long-term daily medicine. Due to their method of operation, beta blockers can have a number of negative effects, including hypotension and bradycardia. They can also cause you to feel shaky and sweaty. Certain people suffering from asthma, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), or diabetes should not take them. Despite their negative effects, beta blockers are still widely used and researched. They've been on market for a long time and are considered safe for most adults. They are also fairly inexpensive and readily available compared to other drugs. For many, the adverse effects are worth it in exchange for their effectiveness. Taking beta-blockers as part of an anxiety treatment plan is a great idea for people suffering from mild to moderate anxiety. They are more effective than benzodiazepines which are better for those who suffer from severe or life-threatening anxiety disorders. They won't fix your underlying problem, and are recommended for anxiety that is short-term, such as before an important event like a flight or speech. They can aid in sleeping better, and they can control your blood sugar. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), block the enzyme responsible for breaking down monoamine neurotransmitters. They stop the breakdown of serotonin the melatonin hormone, epinephrine and norepinephrine in neurons and increase their availability for transmission. They are most well-known as effective antidepressants and have some efficacy in anxiety disorders. They can be used as a stand-alone or in combination with other medication. They are also used to treat Parkinson's disease as well as various other ailments. Eugenol is an essential oil, can be found in the buds, leaves, and stems of clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) and the bark of cinnamon. Eugenol has been shown to have MAOI inhibitory activity in a test tube, and may interact with these medications. MAOIs can have severe adverse effects, which is why they are not the primary medicines that doctors recommend for treating depression or anxiety. They are typically reserved for people who have not responded to other medicines. They are also used for many other disorders, such as Parkinson's and fibromyalgia. They can cause low blood pressure when standing in a sitting or lying position, which is known as orthostatic hypotension. MAOIs are used extensively to treat anxiety disorders, atypical depression, and tranylcypromine. Phenelzine has been studied in a small way in panic disorder and is the medication that is recommended for patients suffering from atypical depression, while tranylcypromine is been recommended for its favorable side effects. These medications aren't as effective as SSRIs for most patients however they are beneficial in treating certain kinds of anxiety and depression. The newest reversible MAOIs like selegiline or moclobemide, are safer than the more irreversible MAOIs. They are more effective at increasing the levels of monoamines involved in depression than older MAOIs. They are less likely than older MAOIs to trigger high blood pressure, but still carry a risk of developing a dependence on pharmacological drugs. pediatric anxiety treatment For those suffering from anxiety, a combination of medication and psychological therapies is usually the best option for treatment. The use of medications can reduce symptoms but only with the guidance of a doctor. There are many different medications for anxiety, and they can be different for each individual. Talk to your doctor about your symptoms and he or she will prescribe the appropriate medication for you. Buspirone is an FDA-approved anxiety medication, works by regulating neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. This can help reduce anxiety and mood symptoms, but it does not cause sedation or hinder cognitive functioning. It's also less likely to turn into habit-forming than other sedatives such as benzodiazepines. This makes it an excellent choice for those seeking to reduce their anxiety but don't want to use drugs like Xanax. SSRIs or SNRIs are often the first treatment option for generalized anxiety disorder. These antidepressants can regulate mood and boost serotonin levels. They are typically used as a part of anxiety-related medications like benzodiazepines. However, they are typically not prescribed for prolonged periods since they can be addictive and may have side effects such as drowsiness. Psychological treatments for GAD such as medication have proven to be efficient on a short-term basis and may improve the outcome over time. These include cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as well as exposure therapy, as well as creative or artistic therapies. Psychological therapy can assist people develop strategies to manage their anxiety and depression. This will allow them to live a fuller life and reduce symptoms. Additionally that many of these treatments are accessible online and are covered by insurance. For instance, Brightside is an online therapy service that provides various treatments for depression and anxiety that include CBT.